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Dr. Axel Montagne is a chancellor's fellow and group leader at the UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Edinburgh Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences. His group aims to understand how, when, and where critical components of the blood-brain barrier become dysfunctional preceding dementia and in the earliest stages of age-related cognitive decline. With this knowledge, they hope to develop precise treatments targeting brain vasculature to protect brain function. More importantly his work, and that of his colleagues, provide a critical lens through which to view the contributions of vascular dysfunction (or, conversely, vascular health – if we choose to preserve it) as a critical common thread in dementia and neurodegeneration. In this episode, we discuss: 11:44 - What dementias have in common 12:42 - The importance of preserving small blood vessels (in the brain) 13:38 - Changes in the blood-brain barrier in aging that cause "leaking" 15:11 - Predicting cognitive decline early with biomarkers – an opportunity for intervention? 16:32 - Why targeting amyloid isn’t enough 18:54 - The impact of the APOE4 genotype on brain vasculature 24:19 - The cause of white matter damage in the brain 33:47 - Why the loss of omega-3 transport affects pericytes 35:25 - The role of exercise in prevention of blood-brain barrier dysfunction 35:45 - Why high heart rates during exercise preserve brain function 36:49 - The role of exercise in preserving vision health 40:17 - Why leaky vessels damage myelin and the brain 45:31 - Can you have more than one type of dementia? 47:54 - Does the breakdown of the blood-brain barrier cause “type 3 diabetes"? 54:03 - Why omega-3 may prevent detachment of pericytes 01:14:35 - Why a hepatitis drug restored cognition in APOE4 mice 01:19:39 - Why blood-brain barrier disruption results in the accumulation of amyloid-beta 01:25:14 - Why lifetime hypertension increases dementia risk 01:37:13 - Effects of obesity on blood-brain barrier leakage Watch this episode on YouTube Show notes are available by clicking here Join over 300,000 people and get the latest distilled information straight to your inbox weekly: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/newsletter Become a FoundMyFitness premium member to get access to exclusive episodes, emails, live Q+A’s with Rhonda and more: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/premium Learn more about the premium podcast The Aliquot: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/aliquot

Dr. Brad Schoenfeld is a professor at Lehman College in the Bronx, in New York City. His research primarily focuses on muscle adaptations to strength training, muscle hypertrophy. Publishing over 300 studies in the field of exercise and sports nutrition as a scientist, Brad began his career as a competitive bodybuilder and personal trainer. In this episode, we discuss: 05:26 - Why should we lift weights? 06:56 - Why building bone matters 11:33 - How to lift in old age 13:45 - Why to lift while young (especially women) 16:21 - Should children lift weights? 17:05 - Does lifting stunt growth? 19:48 - How to change body composition 27:22 - Protein requirements 29:19 - How to calculate protein needs 36:54 - Protein per meal - what's the right amount? 38:18 - Does time-restricted eating undermine hypertrophy? 43:19 - Anabolic window: myths vs. reality 46:15 - Total daily protein intake 54:49 - Why aging affects muscle power (loss of type II fibers) 57:52 - Power training vs. strength 59:20 - Benefits of explosive power training (fall prevention) 01:03:18 - How to power train with plyometrics 01:03:58 - Training to failure (is it important?) 01:09:59 - Rest in between sets (is it needed?) 01:11:12 - Number of sets per week 01:22:31 - Tips for recovery 01:33:41 - Should you get sore from exercise? 01:36:47 - What can you do for soreness? (without blunting hypertrophy) 01:40:16 - Does aerobic exercise undermine resistance training? 01:44:46 - Resistance training for endurance athletes 01:46:33 - Can stretching increase muscle growth? 01:51:06 - Is yoga a type of resistance training? 01:53:37 - Blood-flow restriction training 01:58:37 - What is Brad's routine? Watch this episode on YouTube Show notes are available by clicking here Join over 300,000 people and get the latest distilled information straight to your inbox weekly: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/newsletter Become a FoundMyFitness premium member to get access to exclusive episodes, emails, live Q+A’s with Rhonda and more: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/premium Learn more about the premium podcast The Aliquot: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/aliquot

George Church, Ph.D. is a professor of genetics at Harvard Medical School and of health sciences and technology at both Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dr. Church played an instrumental role in the Human Genome Project and is widely recognized as one of the premier scientists in the fields of gene editing technology and synthetic biology.  In this episode, we discuss: 07:13 - History of the Human Genome Project 15:20 - Manufacturing cell phones (with biology) 17:34 - Genome Project-Write 20:03 - Writing a human Y chromosome (from scratch) 20:48 - What if you could eliminate viral disease? 22:51 - De-extinction and reinstating lost traits and genes 27:06 - The Vertebrate Genomes Project 29:47 - AlphaFold and other AI tools 41:27 - CRISPR vs. Base Editing (emerging tools of genetic engineering) 49:40 - Why multiplex editing will change the world 52:18 - Molecular flight recorder 53:31 - Preventing viral spillover and enhancing livestock 57:40 - PCSK9 gene therapy for cholesterol 01:00:30 - Is aging an evolved program? 01:05:21 - Treating aging with a combination gene treatment 01:09:04 - Does animal research help us understand human aging? 01:11:40 - Human organoids as a model and therapeutic 01:13:34 - Could engineered transplant organs become better than the originals? 01:16:17 - Embryo editing controversy 01:28:41 - Gene editing for space travel 01:30:40 - Can synthetic biology alleviate poverty? 01:34:07 - Is in vitro fertilization and embryo selection practically similar to editing? 01:39:12 - The occasional cost of brilliance 01:45:45 - Eradicating disease with Gene Drive 01:48:55 - Technologies to solve Lyme disease 01:51:57 - Dr. Church's experience with narcolepsy as a bridge to creative insights 02:00:42 - Why George encoded his book in DNA Watch this episode on YouTube Show notes are available by clicking here Join over 300,000 people and get the latest distilled information straight to your inbox weekly: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/newsletter Become a FoundMyFitness premium member to get access to exclusive episodes, emails, live Q+A’s with Rhonda and more: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/premium Learn more about the premium podcast The Aliquot: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/aliquot

Stuart Phillips, PhD, is a professor of kinesiology at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, where he also serves as the director of the Physical Activity Centre of Excellence. His research centers on the roles exercise and nutrition play in influencing human skeletal muscle protein turnover and how these lifestyle factors influence body composition, especially as we age. In this episode, we discuss: 00:07:16 - Why muscle is important for longevity 00:14:34 - Is the importance of muscle mass (per se) overstated? 00:16:48 - Is the RDA on protein too low? 00:19:03 - Minimum vs. optimal protein intake (for athletes) 00:19:29 - Why older adults need more protein 00:24:52 - Caloric restriction vs. higher protein for aging 00:28:04 - What is a catabolic crisis? 00:29:40 - Effects of space flight on muscle 00:36:16 - Practical tips for protein intake 00:39:34 - Protein timing and the anabolic window 00:41:27 - Most important factors for hypertrophy 00:43:57 - Should we supplement leucine? 00:45:46 - Does plant protein support hypertrophy? 00:56:30 - Causes of anabolic resistance 00:58:22 - What types of exercise and how much? 01:06:56 - Protein and rest as tools for recovery 01:08:14 - Mechanisms of muscle protein synthesis and breakdown 01:08:31 - Does rapamycin inhibit hypertrophy? 01:13:07 - What is Dr. Phillips doing to age well? 01:15:25 - Hormonal responses to exercise 01:17:09 - Sex differences in hypertrophy 01:19:38 - Effect of menopause on muscle 01:20:03 - Do testosterone boosters work? 01:21:56 - Does growth hormone improve muscle? 01:26:30 - Androgen replacement therapy (benefits vs. drawbacks) 01:31:17 - Mental health benefits of exercise 01:31:54 - Anti-catabolic effects of heat 01:38:19 - Molecular causes of sarcopenia 01:42:35 - Anti-catabolic effects of omega-3 01:48:57 - Brain and muscle effects of creatine Watch this episode on YouTube Show notes and transcript Join over 300,000 people and get the latest distilled information straight to your inbox weekly: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/newsletter Become a FoundMyFitness premium member to get access to exclusive episodes, emails, live Q+A’s with Rhonda and more: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/crowdsponsor

The intestinal barrier serves as a gatekeeper to the human body. The loss of the health and integrity of this barrier influences multiple aspects of human health – including cardiometabolic function, neurological health, behavior, and more – in surprising and unexpected ways. One of these ways involves lipopolysaccharide, or LPS, a bacterial product that arises in the intestine, and its interaction with far distal tissues and organs via the induction of immune mediators. Dr. Rhonda Patrick was the keynote speaker for the Metabolic Health Summit, held May 5 – 8, 2022, in Santa Barbara, California. Her presentation described the role that intestinal permeability and bacterial products play in aging, inflammation, and chronic disease. Show notes and video CHAPTERS: 06:04 - Introduction 08:12 - Atherosclerosis 13:49 - Brain 16:07 - Circulating LPS and behavior 19:05 - Toll-like receptors and inflammation 24:00 - Factors that affect intestinal permeability 30:10 - Alcohol 32:07 - Gluten 35:21 - Butyrate and dietary fiber 37:48 - Dietary fat 42:21 - Biomarkers of intestinal permeability 43:11 - Omega-3 fatty acids 50:02 - Q&A LEARN MORE: Coinciding with this release, you can now find a variety of deep resources on the FoundMyFitness website for all of the topics covered in this episode. Learn about the blood-brain barrier Learn about intestinal permeability Learn about toll-like receptors Learn about cerebral small vessel disease SUPPORT THE CHANNEL: Many of these magnificent resources exist directly as a result of our premium members. As a premium member, listeners get access to our exclusive podcast The Aliquot, monthly Q&As, a special summary of scientific research every other week called the Science Digest, and more. Sign up to become a premium member and nurture the existence of the FoundMyFitness platform. Become a member

Dr. Dominic ("Dom") D'Agostino is an expert on a wide range of topics related to metabolic health, ketosis, and ketogenic diets. As one of the world's foremost experts on the ketogenic diet, Dom has personally practiced some variation of ketogenic diet for over a decade, bringing a substantial amount of practical experience along with his anecdotes from human and animal research. In this episode, we discuss: 00:04:59 - What is "keto” (and what it is not) 00:08:42 - Types of ketogenic diets 00:15:27 - Lifestyle Ketogenic Diet 00:26:36 - Biomarkers and hyperlipidemia 00:29:41 - Micronutrients and Supplementation 00:33:40 - Exogenous Ketones 00:55:48 - Optimal blood concentration of ketones (Dom's pick) 01:13:31 - Exercise performance and anti-catabolic effects 01:34:37 - Brain and Memory 01:42:39 - Intermittent Fasting 01:51:43 - Neurodegenerative Diseases 01:58:05 - Migraines 02:04:17 - Autoimmune diseases 02:06:15 - Cancer 02:22:03 - Carnivore diet 02:28:22 - Dom's lifestyle habits 02:31:46 - Measuring ketones Watch this episode on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RWkv9ad7zvc If you’re interested in learning more, you can read the full show notes here: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/episodes/dominic-dagostino-2 Join over 300,000 people and get the latest distilled information straight to your inbox weekly: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/newsletter Become a FoundMyFitness premium member to get access to exclusive episodes, emails, live Q+A’s with Rhonda and more: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/crowdsponsor

This episode features a discussion with MedCram co-founder Kyle Allred on the effects of sauna. I had the pleasure of being interviewed by Kyle on all things sauna science and we're posting that discussion for you here. As an exercise mimetic, sauna use has anti-inflammatory, mood-elevating, and detoxifying properties that research increasingly shows may deliver cardiovascular and brain benefits. The science of sauna use has been a research interest of mine for many years and this discussion is by far one of the most well-rounded discussions I've had on the subject. Thanks to Kyle and MedCram for having me for his interview. In this episode, we'll discuss: 00:00:00 - Introduction 00:02:46 - Summary of sauna benefits 00:10:47 - Heat as an aerobic exercise mimetic 00:14:45 - Effects of heat acclimation on endurance 00:17:37 - Why heat shock proteins may protect against dementia 00:23:20 - The stress-relieving effects of sauna use (personal anecdote) 00:27:43 - Investigating sauna for depression 00:30:32 - Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and endorphins response 00:34:51 - Cellular repair mechanisms elicited by sauna use 00:40:05 - Prevention of muscle atrophy 00:42:45 - Detoxification of heavy metals  00:44:50 - Heart rate variability, a measure of stress resilience 00:46:40 - The synergy of sauna use and exercise 00:52:13 - Cross-cultural and historical prevalence of heat therapy 00:56:12 - Infrared sauna vs. traditional saunas 00:58:31 - Rhonda's personal sauna protocol: duration, temperature, humidity, and frequency 01:03:22 - How jacuzzi, hot baths, and hot showers compare to sauna use 01:06:19 - Hydration, cold therapy, and sauna safety  01:11:18 - Who should not use saunas? 01:15:21 - Does sauna use increase blood sugar levels? 01:17:16 - Limitations of current sauna research and hopes for future research MedCram is a YouTube channel created by Kyle Allred, PA-C and Roger Sehuelt, MD, master educators of health and medical science. Their videos cover important topics such as immunity, metabolism, and vitamin D in an authoritative, but approachable way. Visit the MedCram YouTube channel for more efficient, engaging, fun, and lasting way to learn and review medical topics. Watch this episode on MedCram:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RWkv9ad7zvc If you’re interested in learning more, you can read the full show notes here: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/episodes/medcram-sauna Join over 300,000 people and get the latest distilled information straight to your inbox weekly: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/newsletter Become a FoundMyFitness premium member to get access to exclusive episodes, emails, live Q+A’s with Rhonda and more: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/crowdsponsor

Morgan Levine, Ph.D., developed the phenotypic aging clock called PhenoAge and is a Founding Principal Investigator at Altos Labs, a biotech company that seeks to understand the mechanisms that drive the aging process and age-related diseases with the hope of identifying possible interventions. Additionally, Dr. Levine is an assistant professor of pathology at the Yale University School of Medicine, where her research focuses on the science of biological aging. Dr. Levine completed a postdoctoral fellowship with previous guest Dr. Steve Horvath, a pioneer in the field of epigenetic clocks.  In this episode, Dr. Levine and I discuss:  00:01:19 - What is aging and why does it matter to scientists? 00:04:45 - Hallmarks of aging 00:08:59 - The advantage of epigenetic clocks in research 00:19:05 - Epigenetic age acceleration 00:36:40 - Are epigenetic changes in aging a cause or consequence? 00:42:15 - Reversing epigenetic age with interrupted reprogramming techniques 00:49:27 - Therapeutic plasma exchange in aging and pro-aging factors in blood  00:56:01 - Lifestyle factors that accelerate epigenetic age 01:03:23 - Reliability of consumer epigenetic aging tests 01:06:12 - Construct validity of epigenetic clocks 01:12:06 - Thoughts on most exciting research in aging field  01:13:44 - Dr. Levine's lifestyle habits Get the show notes: foundmyfitness.com/episodes/morgan-levine Looking for more? Join over 300,000 people and get the latest distilled information on sleep, depression, and fasting straight to your inbox weekly: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/newsletter Try thirty days of our FoundMyFitness premium member to get access to exclusive episodes, emails, a live Q+A with Rhonda and more: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/trial

Dr. Peter Diamandis is a serial entrepreneur and founder of XPRIZE, a non-profit organization that designs and conducts global competitions that incentivize the development of technological breakthroughs that propel humanity toward a better future.    Tony Robbins is an entrepreneur, bestselling author, philanthropist, and business strategist. He provides business and life coaching to millions of people worldwide through his audio programs, educational videos, and live seminars.    Diamandis and Robbins are a dynamic duo, having paired up with co-author Dr. Robert Hariri to write Life Force, a best-selling book that describes breakthroughs in precision medicine and health technologies that can help people live longer, healthier, more fulfilling lives – in the very near future.   In this episode, Tony Robbins, Peter Diamandis and I discuss… 00:07:09 - How Tony Robbins and Peter Diamandis met  00:18:08 - Tony and Peter discuss their lifestyle habits 00:29:32 - GRAIL cancer screening blood test 00:30:16 - Cleerly AI-driven coronary CT scan  00:36:13 - The role of DNA damage in aging 00:37:25 - Epigenetics, NAD+, and sirtuins 00:44:33 - Interrupted cellular reprogramming 00:52:15 - Longevity escape velocity 00:57:50 - What do we do after longevity is "solved?"  01:04:19 - Space travel, gene therapy, and organogenesis 01:21:48 - Promises and challenges of future technologies 01:26:10 - How mRNA vaccine technology may impact aging Get the show notes: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/episodes/robbins-diamandis Looking for more? Join over 300,000 people and get the latest distilled information on sleep, depression, and fasting straight to your inbox weekly: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/newsletter Try thirty days of our FoundMyFitness premium member to get access to exclusive episodes, emails, a live Q+A with Rhonda and more: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/trial

Eran Elinav, MD, PhD, is a professor of immunology and principal investigator at the Weizmann Institute of Science in Tel Aviv, Israel, where he co-directs the Personalized Nutrition Project. Dr. Elinav is also a principal investigator at the German Cancer Research Center in Heidelberg, Germany. His research focuses on understanding the complex interactions between humans and the bacteria that reside in their gut and how these interactions shape human health and disease. In this episode, Dr. Elinav and I discuss... 00:06:38 - Circadian rhythm of the microbiome 00:17:17 - Lessons from Hunter-gatherers 00:24:44 - Nurturing the microbiome in children 00:35:16 - Triglycerides and cholesterol 00:38:58 - Saturated fat 00:40:25 - Effect of artificial sweeteners on the microbiome 00:56:10 - What causes recurrent obesity 00:58:17 - Impact of caloric restriction 00:59:26 - Intestinal permeability (gut leakiness) 01:19:54 - Bacteriophage therapy and precision probiotics 01:34:44 - Bacterial role in TMAO risk 01:40:33 - Weight gain from smoking cessation 01:41:53 - Tips for diet personalization Get the show notes: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/episodes/eran-elinav Looking for more? Join over 300,000 people and get the latest distilled information on sleep, depression, and fasting straight to your inbox weekly: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/newsletter Try thirty days of our FoundMyFitness premium member to get access to exclusive episodes, emails, a live Q+A with Rhonda and more: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/trial

In this nearly 2.5-hour episode, Dr. Rhonda Patrick and Dr. Roger Seheult and Kyle Allred of MedCram make a thoughtful, merit-based, and truly comprehensive discussion of COVID-19 vaccination. In addition to being a co-founder of MedCram Medical Lectures, Dr. Roger Seheult is, as you will find out in the conversation, a boots on the ground, critical care pulmonologist. For Dr. Seheult, COVID-19 is not just theory. He sees real sick people and for that reason brings a very special context to this conversation. Furthermore, Dr. Seheult is also an academic and educator. He is an Associate Clinical Professor at the University of California, Riverside School of Medicine and an Assistant Clinical Professor at the School of Medicine and Allied Health at Loma Linda University. He is quadruple-board certified in Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases, Critical Care Medicine and Sleep Medicine through the American Board of Internal Medicine. In this episode, we discuss: 00:00:00 - Introduction 00:06:58 - Vaccination in the young and healthy 00:12:25 - Risk of myocarditis from COVID-19 is greater than for vaccination 00:16:18 - Long-haul COVID is often preceded by mild infection 00:25:36 - The spike protein generated from vaccination is not the same as the viral one 00:34:16 - Biodistribution of vaccine particles 00:41:17 - COVID-19 Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) 01:06:55 - Antibody-dependent enhancement isn't a concern for the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine 01:14:54 - Do the COVID-19 vaccines damage human fertility? 01:19:51 - Can mRNA vaccines alter human DNA? 01:28:10 - Current ivermectin evidence 01:47:40 - Delta-variant and breakthrough infections 02:01:42 - Viral evolution (virulence vs. immune escape) 02:10:45 - T-cell immunity vs. antibody immunity Watch the annotated video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pp-nPZETLTo Subscribe to MedCram on Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/medcram/id1564795918 Subscribe to MedCram on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCG-iSMVtWbbwDDXgXXypARQ

Dr. William ("Bill") Harris is one of the world's preeminent experts in the field of omega-3 fatty acid research. His work has focused on the roles that fatty acids in play in cardiovascular and neurocognitive health. The author of more than 300 scientific papers on fatty acids and health, Dr. Harris is a professor in the Department of Medicine in the Sanford School of Medicine at the University of South Dakota, the co-inventor of the Omega-3 Index, founder of OmegaQuant Analytics, and president and founder of the Fatty Acid Research Institute. In this episode, Dr. Harris and I discuss… 00:00:00 - Introduction 00:06:36 - Early studies on omega-3s, dietary fats, and cholesterol  00:14:44 - Omega-3s may normalize bleeding times  00:20:33 - Plant-based omega-3s are not equivalent in power to marine omega-3s  00:25:23 - Genetic engineering of plants is needed for sustainable omega-3s in the future 00:27:18 - The omega-3 index reveals individual variations in omega-3 needs 00:32:13 - Red blood cell concentration of omega-3s better reflect long-term omega-3 status 00:36:41 - Genetic variants influence omega-3 dietary needs 00:54:20 - The omega-3 index may predict life expectancy 01:05:03 - How metabolites of omega-3 reduce and resolve inflammation 01:17:11 - High omega-3 concentrations halve the risk of COVID-19 death 01:20:10 - DHA may help keep the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein from entering cells 01:22:50 - Concerns over the omega-6/omega-3 ratio may be unfounded Looking for more?  Join over 300,000 people and get the latest distilled information on sleep, depression, and fasting straight to your inbox weekly: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/newsletter Become a FoundMyFitness premium member to get access to exclusive episodes, emails, live Q+A’s with Rhonda and more: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/crowdsponsor

Dr. Ashley Mason is a clinical psychologist and director of the Sleep, Eating, and Affect Laboratory at the Osher Center for Integrative Medicine at UCSF. Her research centers on nonpharmacological approaches for treating depression, insomnia, and overeating. In this episode, we discuss: 00:00:00 - Introduction 00:08:10 - Whole-body hyperthermia (WBH) and sauna use differ 00:17:06 - Depression causes thermoregulatory dysfunction – but sauna use may correct it 00:21:12 - WBH and sauna use may reduce symptoms of depression 00:33:22 - Heating the body slowly may improve heat tolerance and increase WBH effectiveness 00:39:35 - Sauna use may benefit people with depression and cardiovascular disease – which often coincide 00:40:18 - Dr. Mason and Rhonda are collaborating on new research on depression and WBH 00:44:19 - Sauna bathing and similar practices often provide opportunities for people to connect socially 00:53:12 - Common causes of insomnia 01:01:26 - Cognitive behavioral therapy, sleep hygiene, stimulus control, and sleep restriction for treating insomnia Looking for more?  Join over 300,000 people and get the latest distilled information on sleep, depression, and fasting straight to your inbox weekly: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/newsletter Become a FoundMyFitness premium member to get access to exclusive episodes, emails, live Q+A’s with Rhonda and more: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/crowdsponsor

Dr. Mark Mattson Dr. Mark Mattson is a professor of neuroscience at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the former chief of the Neuroscience Research Laboratory at the National Institute on Aging. He's one of the most cited neuroscientists in the world, with more than 180,000 citations noted in the scientific literature. Dr. Mattson's work has advanced scientific understanding of brain aging and identified fundamental aspects of neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. His most notable work has focused on how the brain responds to mild stressors, such as those associated with exercise and intermittent fasting. In this episode, we discuss... 00:3:31 - Hormetic stressors drive adaptation and prevent physiological complacency 00:13:00 - Intermittent fasting improves health by promoting metabolic switching 00:16:49 - Daily time-restricted eating vs 5:2 weekly fasting  00:27:44 - A ketogenic diet and intermittent fasting differ in terms of brain effects 00:34:23 - Exercising while intermittent fasting exerts additive effects 00:52:32 - Plant-based bioactive compounds induce hormetic stress 01:10:48 - Severe caloric restriction may compromise muscle mass 01:26:25 - Intermittent fasting in young vs. old and in men vs. in women 01:35:20 - The effects of cortisol differ during a fast versus chronic stress 01:53:36 - Fasting-mimetics like resveratrol and spermidine vs actual fasting 02:08:44 - How ketone supplementation may improve brain health Join over 300,000 people and get the latest distilled information on circadian insights straight to your inbox weekly: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/newsletter Become a FoundMyFitness premium member to get access to exclusive episodes, emails, live Q+A’s with Rhonda and more: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/crowdsponsor

Dr. Satchin Panda Dr. Satchidananda (Satchin) Panda is a professor in the Regulatory Biology Laboratory at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies.  Dr. Panda’s work focuses on chronobiology, the study of the day-night cycles that drive the multifaceted activities of the human body, using genetic, genomic, and biochemical approaches. He is an expert on circadian rhythms and a pioneer in the field of time-restricted eating. A priority for Dr. Panda when designing his studies is to identify strategies that positively impact public health. In this episode, Dr. Panda and I discuss... 00:00:00 - Introduction 00:04:29 - How circadian rhythms influence human health 00:12:30 - Seeking bright light in the morning and avoiding it in the evening improves sleep 00:20:40 - Supplemental melatonin may counteract evening bright light exposure 00:26:16 - The relationship between melatonin and insulin secretion  00:33:15 - Shift work, jet lag, and modern life contribute to circadian dysfunction 00:45:10 - Naps might aid with afternoon sleepiness and sleep loss 00:47:05 - Indoor lighting can be used to promote healthy circadian rhythms 00:51:20 - Time-restricted eating strengthens circadian biology 01:02:13 - Dr. Panda’s ongoing study uses a smartphone app to track diet 01:03:41 - Most people are unaware of their eating patterns 01:07:58 - How Dr. Panda incorporates his research findings into his own life 01:16:21 - Our circadian rhythms dictate when we should exercise If you’re interested in learning more, you can read the full show notes here: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/episodes/satchin-panda-3 Join over 300,000 people and get the latest distilled information on circadian insights straight to your inbox weekly: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/newsletter Become a FoundMyFitness premium member to get access to exclusive episodes, emails, live Q+A’s with Rhonda and more: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/crowdsponsor

Michael Snyder Dr. Michael Snyder is the director for the Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine at Stanford and a pioneer and advocate of "deep profiling." Deep profiling seeks to apply intelligent analysis to large data sets to yield specialized clinical insight, ranging from common consumer-grade wearables like Apple Watches to whole-body MRI, continuous glucose monitoring, and metabolomics. In this episode, we discuss: 00:00:00 - Introduction 00:12:51 - Continuous glucose monitor use in people without diabetes 00:31:04 - A smartwatch helped diagnose Dr. Snyder's Lyme disease 00:34:00 - Predicting other illnesses with smartwatches 00:40:41 - Detecting airborne pollutants in the exosome  00:51:04 - Genetics and metabolism tell us our Ageotypes 00:58:05 - Exercise is most important for longevity 01:03:11 - Dr. Snyder's lifestyle habits If you’re interested in learning more, you can read the full show notes here: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/episodes/michael-snyder Join over 300,000 people and get the latest distilled information on personalized medicine straight to your inbox weekly: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/newsletter Become a FoundMyFitness premium member to get access to exclusive episodes, emails, live Q+A’s with Rhonda and more: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/crowdsponsor

Dr. Roger Seheult Dr. Roger Seheult is the co-creator of MedCram Videos. In the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic, MedCram emerged as a beacon of insight, providing continuing coverage and perspectives in an environment almost defined by information scarcity.   What particularly excited me about the unique opportunity of this interview is that apart from Dr. Seheult being a unique voice of public scholarship during the early days of the pandemic, he's also a quadruple board-certified pulmonologist with deep experience working on the frontline of the COVID-19 pandemic. In this episode, we discuss: 00:00:00 - Introduction 00:06:20 - How MedCram Videos got started  00:09:37 - Using evidence to make COVID-19 treatment decisions 00:12:46 - The differences in treating early vs late-stage COVID-19  00:14:40 - How doctors would've treated COVID-19 one-hundred years ago 00:18:13 - Increasing ventilation reduces SARS-CoV-2 transmission  00:20:28 - Masks are virtually universally beneficial regardless of type 00:21:32 - Vitamin D and COVID-19 00:22:22 - Steroid chemical structure of vitamin D  00:23:24 - The vitamin D RDA is likely too low 00:24:23 - Vitamin D is more like a hormone than vitamin 00:26:21 - The overlap between COVID-19 and vitamin D deficiency 00:30:27 - How Mendelian randomization studies helped solve the vitamin D puzzle 00:34:20 - The gene regulatory effects of vitamin D  00:35:49 - Vitamin D and the ACE2/renin-angiontensin system 00:42:00 - Daily doses of vitamin D are more effective  00:43:23 - A prescription-only form of vitamin D (calcifediol) may be best for COVID-19 00:47:06 - Skin synthesis of vitamin D from sunlight can be unreliable  00:53:43 - The safest dose range for vitamin D 01:06:15 - The beneficial circadian effect of early morning sunlight 01:07:38 - Sleep deprivation impairs vital immunity 01:12:08 - Dr. Seheult's suggestions for the best sleep 01:19:18 - A Spanish flu era treatment boosts interferon by ten times 01:22:38 - Why interferon is so important for the viral response 01:26:43 - Treating the symptoms of fever during the Spanish flu harmed patients 01:31:58 - Dr. Seheult's ongoing research of hot hydrotherapy  01:47:00 - COVID-19 Vaccines   If you’re interested in learning more, you can read the full show notes here: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/episodes/roger-seheult Join over 300,000 people and get the latest distilled information straight to your inbox weekly: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/newsletter Become a FoundMyFitness premium member to get access to exclusive episodes, emails, live Q+A’s with Rhonda and more: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/crowdsponsor

Steve Horvath Steve Horvath, PhD, is a professor of human genetics and biostatistics at UCLA's Fielding School of Public Health Dr. Steve Horvath has analyzed large data sets of DNA methylation profiles to derive an algorithm that accurately predicts a person's chronological age across multiple cells, tissues, and organs, and even mammalian species. He built on this algorithm to develop second-generation clocks that could predict time-to-death among people of the same chronological age, as well as lifespan and healthspan. In this episode, we discuss: 00:00 - Introduction and overview 20:24 - Horvath Aging Clocks 26:36 - Heredity determines aging 35:49 - DNAm PhenoAge vs GrimAge 45:58 - Slowing the epigenetic clock 01:10:43 - Epigenetics: Cause or consequence of aging? 01:16:43 - Vitamin D reverses epigenetic age 01:19:07 - Omega-3 slows GrimAge clock 01:24:19 - Ongoing research If you’re interested in learning more, you can read the full show notes here: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/episodes/steve-horvath Join over 300,000 people and get the latest distilled information on aging straight to your inbox weekly: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/newsletter Become a FoundMyFitness premium member to get access to exclusive episodes, emails, live Q+A’s with Rhonda and more: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/crowdsponsor

Dr. Jed Fahey In this special two-hour Q&A episode with Dr. Jed Fahey, a world-leading expert on the science of chemoprotection and, in particular, sulforaphane, we discuss many of the listener-submitted questions from the hundreds of live event participants. In this episode, we discuss:  00:00:00 - Introduction 00:07:19 - The minimum daily dose of sulforaphane  00:12:04 - Gauging sulforaphane content of foods is challenging 00:17:37 - Workarounds to enhance the sulforaphane in cooked foods 00:23:38 - How often to consume broccoli sprouts and how long their effects last 00:39:28 - The effects of sulforaphane on glutathione production in the brain 00:43:12 - The effects of sulforaphane on cancer 01:17:26 - Alternatives to sprouts, such as supplements (and which ones Dr. Fahey recommends) 01:33:08 - Safety concerns regarding sulforaphane If you’re interested in learning more, you can read the full show notes here: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/episodes/jed-fahey-q-a Join over 300,000 people and get the latest distilled information  straight to your inbox weekly: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/newsletter Become a FoundMyFitness premium member to get access to exclusive episodes, emails, live Q+A’s with Rhonda and more: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/crowdsponsor

Giselle Petzinger Giselle Petzinger, MD, an associate professor of Neurology at the University of Southern California, studies the extensive effects of how different types of exercise, in particular skill-based exercise, can affect the clinical outcome for people with Parkinson’s disease. Dr. Petzinger's work focuses on understanding how to promote brain repair after injury, particularly in the context of Parkinson's disease. She is currently investigating ways to enhance neuroplasticity in a preclinical model of the disease. She has examined the role of exercise in Parkinson's disease, with emphasis on how different types of exercise affect distinct regions of the brain. Her work has implications for improving the quality of life of patients diagnosed with the neurological disorder — a condition for which there is no cure. In this episode, we discuss: 00:00:00 - Introduction 00:06:57 - What is Parkinson’s disease? 00:11:57 - When symptoms of Parkinson’s disease appear  00:14:57 - Circuits in the brain can compensate for  substantia nigra dysfunction 00:18:37 - Hereditary risk factors of Parkinson’s disease 00:21:25 - Parkinson’s disease is associated with pesticide and pollutant exposure 00:26:57 - Exercise can lower the risk of developing Parkinson’s disease 00:35:38 - How skill-based exercise such as boxing reduces disease symptoms  00:47:49 - Treadmill exercise increased BDNF and brain health 00:58:33 - Exercise at 80 percent of maximum heart rate slowed Parkinson’s disease progression  01:01:31 - Why exercise may not fully replace medications  01:09:58 - DHA reduces motor symptoms and dyskinesia  01:12:12 - Patients with Parkinson’s disease have higher levels of inflammatory biomarkers If you’re interested in learning more, you can read the full show notes here: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/episodes/giselle-petzinger Join over 300,000 people and get the latest distilled information on parkinson's disease straight to your inbox weekly: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/newsletter Become a FoundMyFitness premium member to get access to exclusive episodes, emails, live Q+A’s with Rhonda and more: https://www.foundmyfitness.com/crowdsponsor